Why in news?
During Diwali celebrations in Madhya Pradesh in October 2025, makeshift “carbide guns” caused a spate of serious injuries. Hospitals in Bhopal and other cities treated more than 180 cases of eye and facial trauma; at least 14 children were reportedly blinded. Authorities seized dozens of the devices and initiated legal action against vendors.
Background
A carbide gun is a crude explosive device fashioned from a plastic or metal pipe. Calcium carbide – a chemical used industrially to produce acetylene gas – is mixed with matchstick heads and gunpowder inside the tube. When water or saliva is added through a small opening, the carbide reacts to release acetylene gas. Igniting the gas produces a loud blast meant to scare monkeys from farms but also propels shrapnel toward the operator. In October 2025 the devices became popular among youngsters after viral social‑media videos, despite being banned by local administrations on 18 October.
Key points
- Injury toll: Bhopal’s district administration reported 186 cases of eye injuries during Diwali; 15 required surgery and many victims were children. Hospitals in Vidisha, Indore, Jabalpur and Gwalior also admitted dozens of patients with burnt retinas and ruptured pupils.
- Mechanism and cost: Carbide guns are sold illegally for ₹150–200. They generate an explosion by reacting calcium carbide with water to produce flammable acetylene gas. The blast releases toxic vapours and metal fragments that strike the user’s face.
- Law enforcement: After the ban, officials seized at least 55 carbide guns from Bhopal’s outskirts and arrested vendors. Police in Vidisha detained six people for illegal sales.
- Expert warnings: Doctors called the devices “miniature bombs disguised as toys.” Health officials urged parents to keep children away and asked social‑media platforms to curb videos promoting their use.
- Other health hazards: Calcium carbide is also misused to ripen fruits. Contact with moisture releases acetylene and lime, which can cause burns and long‑term health issues if ingested.
Significance
- The incident underscores how quickly dangerous trends can spread via social media, outpacing regulatory responses.
- It highlights the need for public education on the hazards of homemade explosives and on the safe use of firecrackers during festivals.
- Effective enforcement and community vigilance are essential to prevent the sale of banned devices and protect children.
- The episode also draws attention to broader misuse of calcium carbide, prompting discussions on chemical safety and regulation.
Conclusion
The outbreak of injuries from carbide guns is a stark reminder that festive celebrations should prioritise safety. Authorities and families must remain vigilant against homemade explosives masquerading as toys.
Sources: The Times of India; Daijiworld; Kashmir Life