Why in news?
An advisory highlighted rising awareness about aspergillosis, a respiratory infection caused by inhaling spores of the fungus Aspergillus. The disease often affects people with weakened immune systems but can also occur in healthy individuals exposed to high fungal spore loads.
About the fungus
- Aspergillus species are common in soil, compost, damp buildings and decaying organic matter. They release microscopic spores into the air.
- Pigeons and other birds can deposit droppings that harbour fungal spores, though birds themselves are not direct carriers.
Transmission and symptoms
- People become infected by inhaling airborne spores. The disease is not contagious between humans.
- Symptoms may include persistent cough, chest pain, fever, shortness of breath and, in severe cases, coughing up blood.
- Individuals with asthma, chronic lung disease or weakened immunity are particularly vulnerable.
Treatment
- Antifungal medications such as voriconazole and itraconazole are commonly prescribed.
- Invasive aspergillosis—when the infection spreads beyond the lungs—may require intravenous drugs and, rarely, surgical removal of infected tissue.
Prevention
- Avoid exposure to dust and decaying vegetation, especially if you have lung disease or are immunocompromised.
- Keep indoor spaces well‑ventilated and clean. Address dampness and mould quickly.
- Wear masks when handling compost or cleaning dusty areas.
Conclusion
Aspergillosis serves as a reminder of the health risks posed by environmental fungi. Awareness and early treatment can prevent serious complications.